A commemorative coin featuring the iconic she-wolf, affectionately nurturing the infant twins Romulus and Remus. This striking depiction honours the legendary foundation of Rome, a timeless tale intertwined with the identity of Constantine the Great as he sought to solidify his stature as the supreme ruler of the Empire.
According to the revered myth, Romulus and Remus, children of the god Mars and the vestal Rhea Silvia, a descendant of Aeneas, were abandoned in the wild and suckled by a she-wolf. As they grew, the twins founded Rome, but a dispute over which hill to build upon led to Remus's tragic death. The enduring "wolf and twins" motif has graced countless Roman coins since the Republic era, symbolising Rome's origins and resilience.
Considered one of the first ever commemorative coins, this piece by Constantine the Great was likely a strategic celebration of Rome. By honouring the city's legendary founders, Constantine emphasised the Roman Empire's continuity and its profound cultural heritage, despite the political shift to the new capital in Constantinople.
The reverse of this coin features the helmeted profile of Roma, the divine patron and personification of the city. Depicted as a warrior, she dons a helmet and armour, reinforcing Rome's glory and martial prowess. Encircling her profile is the Latin inscription "Urbs Roma," meaning "To the City of Rome." Through various forms, coins, sculptures, and architectural designs, Roma embodied Roman political, moral, and religious ideals.
Although influenced by goddesses such as Minerva, Athena, and Greek Tyches, Roma stands out as a symbol of natural dominance, offering protection to those who obeyed or allied with her, and embodying "manly virtue" as the fierce mother of a warrior race.
This commemorative coin is not just a piece of history; it's a testament to the grandeur of Rome and the enduring legacy of its founders.