Pegasus, the immortal winged horse, is depicted springing from a tablet with its ornately detailed wings outstretched. The flight of Pegasus symbolises the soul's immortality and bravery.
In legend, Bellerophon, the hero who became king of Corinth, rode Pegasus against armies of mortal enemies. Infatuated with his successes, Bellerophon grew arrogant and attempted to fly to Mount Olympus. As punishment, Zeus caused him to fall off Pegasus. The horse lived on Olympus, carrying thunderbolts for Zeus. As a reward for his dedicated service, Zeus placed him in the firmament as the northern constellation of Pegasus.
Pegasus' symbolism evolved over centuries, serving diverse needs. In the ancient Greek world, he was primarily associated with success in battle, protection, and duty. Pegasus became an appropriate military emblem and was chosen as the insignia of at least four Roman Republic legions.
Issued by the moneyer Q. Titius in 90 B.C., this coin was minted in the Greek style specifically for trading with the Greek towns to the south. The reverse of the coin features Bacchus, also known as Dionysus, the god of wine, festivity, religious ecstasy, and theatre, adorned with an ivy wreath. In the Roman Republic, he was known as Liber and associated with the goddess Ceres, the patron of agriculture, symbolising prosperity and growth.
In Greek tradition, Bacchus was the son of Zeus and Semele. He was associated with mystery cults and had a strong connection to the fertility rites at Eleusis, near Athens. The images associated with Bacchus were so iconic that once some equivalence with Liber was established, he was always depicted with Bacchic attributes: ivy wreath, panther, thyrsus, and cantharus. The festival of Liber, the Liberalia, held around the same time of year as the previously banned Bacchanalia was encouraged. In the Republic, this festival was comparatively less wild than the Grecian Bacchanalia and centred around coming-of-age ceremonies for young men, serving a useful social purpose.